I. Origin and development of basketball
II. Famous Basketball Tournaments
1. Top Ten Basketball Leagues in the World
The top ten basketball leagues in the world each have their own characteristics and shine with unique brilliance on the global basketball stage.
National Basketball Association (NBA): As the world's top basketball league, the NBA is composed of thirty professional teams in North America. Since its establishment in 1946, many legendary stars have emerged, such as Jordan, Kobe, James, Durant, etc. The NBA not only has enviable commercial value but also forms a strong brand effect. Its games are very enjoyable. Especially in the regular season, the run-and-gun tactic becomes the mainstream. The speed of offensive and defensive transitions is fast, the number of offensive rounds increases, and the score is relatively high. In terms of the competition system, the 30 teams are divided into the Eastern Conference and the Western Conference. Each conference is further divided into three divisions, and each division is composed of five teams. A total of 82 regular-season games are played. In the end, according to the results, the top eight teams in the east and west enter the playoffs. From the first round of the playoffs to the final finals, a best-of-seven series is adopted. Among them, the teams ranked in the top four in the regular season have home court advantage in the first round, and the regular-season champion always enjoys home court advantage.
You can throw the ball in any direction with one hand or both hands.
You can hit the ball in any direction with one hand or both hands.
Players can't run with the ball in their arms. Players must throw the ball out at the receiving position, allowing players to catch the ball at high speed.
You can hold the ball with one or both hands, and you must not use your arms and other body parts to hold the ball.
Do not attack the opposing player in any way (such as shoulder collision, cuddling, pushing, tripping or hitting). Anyone who breaks the rules will be counted as a foul. If he does it again, he will be sent off and will not return until he scores. If there is any malicious action, he will be expelled from the field and will not be allowed to replace him with others.
A foul refers to playing with boxing, or the actions described in rules 3 and 4.
If either side fouls three times in a row, it will be recorded as the opponent's direct score of 1 point.
When the ball falls into the basket and stays in the basket, it counts as 1 point. If the opponent touches the basket when the ball is on the edge of the basket, a direct score will be judged.
When the ball is out of bounds, it will be thrown into the court, and the first player who touches it will get the ball. If there is any dispute, the referee will throw the ball into the court again, and the two sides will compete for it and then play. The allowed time for throwing a foul ball is 5 seconds. If it exceeds 5 seconds, the opponent will serve the foul ball at the same place. Any party who deliberately delays the game will be fined by the referee.
The referee has the right to call for a player's foul. When one side commits three consecutive fouls, he will notify the other referees.
The referee will determine the ownership of each ball, determine the state of the ball, record the scores of both sides, and bear the responsibilities that other referees should bear.
The first and second half of the game are 15 minutes each, with a 5-minute break in the middle.
The one who hits more goals wins. In case of a draw, the captains of both sides can negotiate and the game can be extended until the next goal is hit.
2. The spread of basketball
In 1892, basketball was first introduced to Mexico from the United States, and soon developed throughout Mexico. As a result, Mexico became the first country to develop basketball after the United States. Since then, the sport has been introduced to France, Britain, China, Brazil, Czechoslovakia, Australia, Lebanon and other countries, and has been developed, popularized and developed all over the world. In 1895, American Bob Gayle introduced basketball to China. In 1896, the YMCA of Tianjin Christian Education held the first basketball performance in China. Since then, basketball games have been developed in YMCA of Tianjin, Beijing and other cities.
3. Changes in the number of people and venues
When basketball was first invented, there was no limit to the number of players on the court, but it was divided into two equal teams. In 1893, it developed into a nine-person three-zone system (forward zone, center zone and defender zone). From 1904 to 1920, the number of people on the field was five, and no substitutes were set. Since 1936, there have been 12 players in each team and 5 players on the field. The total number of athletes in each team of different leagues and clubs is different. For example, the number of registered athletes in each team in CBA is 18 (including foreign aid) and that in NBA is 15.
In 1892, in order to prevent rude movements, Mr. Smith formulated the YMCA Basketball Rules, which stipulated three specifications for the venue: 100X50 feet; 90X45 feet; 70X35 feet. In 1893, the stadium was divided into three zones, and a three-zone system of nine people was adopted. In 1895, it changed from 9-person 3-zone system to 5-person 2-zone system, and set up front and back fields. In 1897, the front and back fields were cancelled and only the middle circle was retained. In 1910, a free-throw line was set up, 10 feet away from the end line, and a light-bulb restricted area appeared. In 1937, the venue was determined to be a rectangle with a length of 26m and a width of 14m, and the measurement standard was changed to the metric system. In 1948, the restricted area was changed to a trapezoidal area with a bottom width of 3.6m, a top width of 1.8m and a height of 5.8m.. In 1952, the bottom line of the restricted area was changed to 6m, and the restricted area became a trapezoidal area of 6m×3.6m×5.8m, which is still in use today. In 1964, the center line was cancelled, and the position of the rebounder in the penalty area was redefined, and the difference between the first position area and the second position area appeared. In 1984, the international arena was determined to be 28m×15m, and a three-second zone was set up, and the three-point line with a distance of 6.25m from the top of the arc to the center of the basket was officially cited. In 1995, the NBA changed the three-point radius to 22 feet (6.75m). In 2010, a reasonable collision zone was established. During the period from 1891 to the 1920s, basketball field did not specify the venue, and then specified the venue size, and determined the stadium area of 364 m (all measurement units are metric), and later expanded the area to 420 m, which is still in use today.
4. Evolution of rules
In 1892, the game was divided into the first half and the second half for 15 minutes, with a 5-minute break. It was stipulated that the throw-in ball should be completed within 5 seconds, and the ball could be played with one hand or both hands, and it was not allowed to push, pull or hit the opponent with hands or feet. One side fouled three times in a row, and the other side was awarded a goal. The fouler was disqualified for intentional foul and could not be replaced. In 1932, it was stipulated that the rules should be revised every four years, and there were 3s violations, 5s violations and 10s violations. The center line was redrawn and the ball was returned to the backcourt. The game time was changed to 20 minutes in the first half and 10 minutes in the middle, and the restricted area was changed to a rectangle 17 feet long and 6 feet wide. In 1988, the NBA first increased the number of on-the-spot referees from two to three. In 2000, FIBA changed the 30s violation to 24s violation, and the 10s violation to 8s violation, and officially launched the three-person referee. The NBA put forward the regulation of accumulating four free throws for a single foul, and improved the penalty standard for kicking the ball, and divided the disturbing ball into interference score and interference score. In 2001, NBA improved 3s violations, refined offensive 3s and defensive 3s, and changed 10s violations into 8s violations. In 2002, FIBA changed the competition time to four sessions, each of which is 10 minutes, with a 2-minute break and a 15-minute break at half-time, and it is still in use today. With the continuous development of basketball, the rules are constantly evolving to meet the needs of the game and improve the technical level of athletes.
Second, the famous basketball events
1. The top ten basketball leagues in the world
The top ten basketball leagues in the world have their own characteristics, and they are shining with unique light on the global basketball stage.
American Professional Basketball League (NBA): As the top basketball league in the world, NBA consists of 30 professional teams in North America. Since its establishment in 1946, many legendary stars have been born, such as Jordan, Kobe, James and Durant. NBA not only has enviable commercial value, but also forms a strong brand effect. Its game is very enjoyable, especially in the regular season, the running and bombing tactics become the mainstream, the speed of attack and defense conversion is fast, the number of offensive rounds increases and the score is high. In terms of competition system, 30 teams are divided into Eastern League and Western League, and each league is divided into three divisions, and each division consists of five teams. A total of 82 games were played in the regular season, and finally the top 8 in the East and West were selected according to the results, and they entered the playoffs. From the first round to the final finals of the playoffs, the best of seven games is adopted, in which the top four teams in the regular season have home court advantage in the first round, while the champions in the regular season have always enjoyed home court advantage.
European Basketball Champions League: The European Basketball Champions League has the highest level of basketball competition camp in Europe and is the largest transnational professional men's basketball league in Europe. The participants are basketball clubs in various European countries. They must break through the tight encirclement in various European leagues and be in a leading position in order to qualify for the Champions League basketball. The competition system is unique, with a total of 30 rounds in the regular season. Each team will play 30 matches and play against 15 other teams twice respectively. The eight teams with the best final results in the regular season will enter the playoffs. In the playoffs, the winners of each group will enter the semi-finals, and the winners of the semi-finals will enter the finals with a single elimination system, and the finals will be decided by a single game.
ACB Basketball League in Spain: ACB League in Spain is famous for its high-level games and unique basketball culture. The league has many internationally renowned teams, such as Real Madrid, Barcelona and Valencia. The competition style is full of passion and technology, and it is one of the best basketball leagues in Europe except NBA, with a balanced and rapid development.
VTB League: VTB League is the most influential professional basketball event in Eastern Europe. Founded in 2008, there are 16 teams from Russia, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Finland, Kazakhstan, Czech Republic and other countries. The main sponsor is VTB Bank, from which the league title comes.
BSL League in Turkey: The Turkish Basketball Super League was established in 1966, and currently has 16 teams, representing the highest level of basketball in Turkey. The competition style is tough and passionate, with some of the most popular teams in Europe, such as Fenerbahce and Besiktas.
Italy's LBA League: In the 1980s and 1990s, there were many stars and powerful teams in Serie A, which was once recognized as the first football league in the world and known as the "Little World Cup". In terms of basketball, the number of teams participating in Serie A has increased from 18 teams to 20 teams since the 2004/2005 season, playing in a double-cycle way.
German BBL League: The German first-class basketball league is called Basketball Bundesliga, abbreviated as BBL. In the summer of 2000, it was managed by BBL Limited Liability Company, which was established in 1996. Before that, BBL was always managed by the German Basketball Association (DBB). After trusteeship, the German Basketball Association owns 26% of the shares of BBL, and other leagues and national teams at all levels are still managed by basketball as a whole.
Australian National Basketball League: NBL, the Australian National Basketball League for short, is the highest level basketball league in Australia. Founded in 1979, nine teams fought here, and the event was changed from the initial April-September to October-April. I have stepped out of NBA players like Rajon Rondo, and the game style is tough and tactical.
China Men's Basketball Professional League (CBA): CBA is the most well-known basketball event in China, which was established in 1995 and sponsored by China Basketball Association. Stars such as Yao Ming, Wang Zhizhi, Yi Jianlian and Zhu Fangyu have been born. Although they have made continuous progress in recent years, there is still a big gap between them and top basketball events.
Adriatic League: Founded in 2001, it is the most influential regional competition in the Balkans in Eastern Europe. Fourteen basketball teams from Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia and other countries conduct round-robin events every year.
2. Great game in basketball history
There are many great games in the history of basketball, and their highlights and historical significance are unforgettable.
T-Mac 35 seconds and 13 minutes: In 2004, T-Mac led the team against the Spurs at home, and the Spurs led by 8 points 76-68 in the last 44.2 seconds. After that, T-Mac began the greatest performance of his career. In 35 seconds, he hit three 3-pointers and a 3+1. As Parker missed the shot at the last moment of the game, the home team reversed the Spurs, and the audience was in a boiling state. The miracle of 35 seconds and 13 minutes, even in the era of small balls, is quite cracked. It is not only a number, but also a symbol of spirit, representing indomitable fighting spirit, representing the belief of never giving up, and representing the desire and pursuit of victory. T-Mac was also sealed for 35 seconds and 13 minutes. Without this miracle, whether T-Mac can enter the Hall of Fame may be controversial, but even without the miracle of this game, T-Mac is still an excellent player, and his achievement and status depend on his performance and contribution throughout his career.
Kobe Bryant scored 81 points: On January 23, 2006, in the regular season of the Lakers' 122-104 Raptors, Kobe Bryant played for 42 minutes, made 46 shots, hit 28 goals, made 7 of 13 three-pointers, made 18 of 20 free throws, grabbed 6 rebounds and scored 81 points. An ordinary NBA regular season, due to the appearance of Kobe Bryant's 81 points in a single game, became the most frequent game when people talked about basketball after dinner in the next decade.
Besides, there are many great games in the history of basketball. For example, Yao Shark's first confrontation, Allen Iverson's 48 points, 5 rebounds and 6 assists in the 2001 finals, Michael Jordan's 45 points in the 1998 finals, Russell's winning goal, and Derycross's 50 points and 6 assists in the Timberwolves 128-125 Jazz regular season on November 1, 2018. In the series of 45 points and 15 assists of G6 LeBron James in 2012, the Celtics forced out the strongest James in three cities in a row; on January 4, 2019, James Harden scored 44 points, 10 rebounds and 15 assists in the regular season of Warriors 134-135 Rockets; on April 23, 2019, the Trailblazers 118-115 Thunder West first round G5 Damian Lillard scored 50 points, 7 rebounds and 6 assists, and so on. These games have left a deep impression in the history of basketball and become unforgettable memories of fans.
Who are the basketball stars?
1. NBA Top Ten Stars List
In the selection of many media, the list of the top ten NBA stars has always attracted much attention. Here are some common ranking situations:
Mobile phone Netease ranking:
First place: Jordan, the god of basketball, without dispute. Jordan is widely regarded as the greatest player in NBA history. He is famous for his excellent scoring ability, leadership and game influence. Winning the championship six times, its performance on the court has become the dream and pursuit of countless basketball fans.
Second place: Russell, the ancient god, eleven champions. Russell led the Boston Celtics to an amazing 11 championships, and his defense and leadership made him one of the greatest defensive players in NBA history.
Third place: Jabbar, NBA evergreen, with many champions and scores. Abdul-Jabbar is the record holder of the NBA's total score, and the honors of six championships, two finals Most Valuable Player (FMVP) and six regular season Most Valuable Player (MVP) have made him shine in the long history.
Fourth place: Kobe Bryant, a modern basketball idol, has more influence than basketball. Kobe Bryant is famous for his indomitable game style and superb skills. The achievements of five championships have made him a hero in the hearts of countless fans.
Fifth place: Duncan, an unpretentious representative with many champions. Duncan is famous for his excellent basketball IQ, defense and leadership. Five championships have made him a legend of San Antonio Spurs.
Sixth place: O 'Neill, the most dominant player in history, is beyond reproach. O 'Neill dominated the basket with his huge size and powerful strength, and his four championships and three finals MVP awards showed his strength.
Seventh place: Magic Johnson, performance moment, five crowns. Magician led the "SHOW TIME" basketball trend for a period of time with his excellent passing skills and comprehensive field vision, and five championships made him a legend in NBA history.
Eighth place: Larry Bird, next to the magician. Larry Bird is famous for his comprehensive skills and excellent game IQ. Three championships and three regular season MVP awards have made him one of the greatest players in the history of Boston Celtics.
Ninth place: Curry, representative of modern basketball, spokesperson for three-pointers. Curry changed the way of modern basketball with his revolutionary three-pointer and excellent game performance. Four championships and two MVP awards in the regular season made him a basketball idol in the new era.
Tenth place: Chamberlain, the basketball emperor, is well-deserved in the top ten. Chamberlain is famous for his amazing physical fitness and scoring ability. The achievement of two championships has made him one of the most dominant players in NBA history.
The US media rearranged the rankings:
O' Neill is tenth, Jordan is first, and only one person is on the list. Jordan is known as the "God of Basketball", which is unmatched in both strength and honor. The achievements of the Most Valuable Player (FMVP) with six championships and six finals have made him synonymous with basketball.
Kobe represents the loyalty of one person and one city. He has devoted his 20-year career to the Los Angeles Lakers. The honors of five championships, two finals Most Valuable Player (FMVP) and one regular season Most Valuable Player (MVP) have made him a modern basketball idol.
Duncan led the San Antonio Spurs to the playoffs for 19 years in a row. His achievements of five championships, three finals MVP and two regular season MVP made him one of the greatest power forwards in history.
Bird led the Boston Celtics to win the championship three times, was elected as the Most Valuable Player (FMVP) in the finals twice, and was the only player in history who won the MVP in the regular season three times in a row. With his comprehensive skills and excellent game IQ, he became one of the greatest players in the Celtics' history.
Chamberlain set many unsurpassed records, scoring 100 points in a single game, averaging 50 points in a single season and scoring seven times, which was almost unmatched in the league at that time.
Magic Johnson led the Los Angeles Lakers to the championship in his rookie season and won the title of the Most Valuable Player in the Finals (FMVP), and then helped the team win the championship four times, leading the basketball trend of "SHOW TIME".
Russell led the Boston Celtics to win 11 championships, including a shocking eight consecutive championships. If the Finals Most Valuable Player (FMVP) award had been established, Russell's ranking might have been higher.
Abdul-Jabbar is the record holder of the NBA's total scoring record, the most valuable player (FMVP) in six championships, two finals and six MVP in the regular season, and is regarded as one of the greatest centers.
As the only active player, James entered the list, four championships, four finals Most Valuable Player (FMVP) and four regular season Most Valuable Player (MVP), and was selected into the best team for 13 times, becoming the only player in history who has passed 30,000, 10,000 rebounds and 10,000 assists.
Top ten superstars in NBA basketball (another version of mobile phone Netease);
1st place: Michael Jordan, born in 1963, 61 years old, 1.98 meters (6 feet 6 inches) tall, won the championship six times. Widely regarded as one of the greatest players in NBA history, he is famous for his excellent scoring ability, leadership and game influence.
Second place: LeBron James, born in 1984, is 40 years old, 2.06 meters (6 feet 9 inches) tall and has won the championship four times. The iconic figure of modern basketball is famous for his comprehensive skills and excellent game IQ, and has won many championships and MVP awards.
Third place: Kobe Bryant, born in 1978 at the age of 42, was 1.98 meters (6 feet 6 inches) tall and won the championship five times. Known for its tenacious game style and superb technology, it has five NBA championships.
Fourth place: Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, born in 1947, 77 years old, 2.18 meters (7 feet 2 inches) tall, won the championship six times. With his excellent defense and leadership, he helped the Boston Celtics win several championships and was regarded as one of the greatest defensive players in NBA history.
5th place: Bill Russell, born in 1934 at the age of 88, was 2.06 meters (6 feet 9 inches) tall and won the championship 11 times. With his excellent defense and leadership, he helped the Boston Celtics win several championships and was regarded as one of the greatest defensive players in NBA history.
6th place: Wilt Chamberlain, born in 1936, aged 63, was 2.16 meters (7 feet 1 inch) tall and won the championship twice. Known for his amazing physical fitness and scoring ability, he is one of the most dominant players in NBA history.
7th place: Shaquille O'Neal, born in 1972, 52 years old, 2.16 meters (7 feet 1 inch) tall, won the championship four times. With its huge size and powerful strength, it has four NBA championships and three finals MVP awards.
8th place: Tim Duncan, born in 1976, is 48 years old, 2.11m (6ft 11in) tall and has won the championship five times. Known for his excellent basketball IQ, defense and leadership, he is one of the core players of the San Antonio Spurs and has five NBA championships.
9th place: Stephen Curry, born in 1988, is 36 years old, 1.91m (6ft 3in) tall and has won the championship four times. With its revolutionary three-pointer and excellent game performance, it has changed the modern basketball style, with four NBA championships and two MVP awards in the regular season.
10th place: Larry Bird, born in 1956 at the age of 66, is 2.06 meters (6 feet 9 inches) tall and won the championship three times. Known for his comprehensive skills and excellent game IQ, he is one of the greatest players in the history of Boston Celtics, with three NBA championships and three regular season MVP awards.
ESPN and other authoritative rankings (mobile phone Netease):
Nicola Jokic: As the heart of Denver Nuggets, Jokic, with his comprehensive skills and excellent leadership, has led the team to stay in the ranks of championship contenders.
Lukadonč ić: This young Slovenian genius has rejuvenated the Dallas Mavericks with his amazing scoring ability and comprehensive game vision.
Brother Alphabet: Yannis Adetokunbo has become a powerful force in the East with his outstanding performance in Milwaukee Bucks. His scoring, rebounding and assists show his strength as a top striker.
Alexander: As a new star of Oklahoma City Thunder, Alexander, with his excellent scoring and assists, led the team to a leading position in the West and became a popular candidate for MVP.
Tatum: Jason Tatum helped the Boston Celtics win the championship with his excellent leadership and scoring ability, and is expected to compete for MVP in the future.
Stephen Curry: Despite his advanced age, Curry still proved himself to be one of the top guards in the league with his accurate three points and excellent passing.
LeBron James: James, who is about to turn 40, has become one of the highest scoring players in history with his excellent competitive state and comprehensive skills.
Joel Embiid: In the Philadelphia 76ers, Embiid became the representative of the top center in the league with his dominance and comprehensive skills in the inside.
Kevin Durant: In the Phoenix Suns, Durant, with his scoring ability and game experience, performed well personally despite the team's poor playoff performance.
Anthony Edwards: As a new star of Minnesota Timberwolves, Edwards, with his excellent scoring and assists, led the team to the Western Conference finals and became the team's future hope.
Different rankings may be different because of the selection criteria, background and other factors, but these stars are undoubtedly legends in the history of NBA, and their achievements and influence will always be engraved in the long river of basketball history.
Fourth, the basic rules of basketball
1. Overview of the rules of the game
Basketball is a passionate and competitive sport, and its basic rules cover many aspects such as game time, scoring rules, foul penalty and so on.
Competition time:
According to different events and competition systems, the time of basketball matches is different. FIBA Games The duration of a basketball game is 40 minutes, which is divided into four sections, each of which is 10 minutes. There is a 15-minute break between the first half and a 2-minute break between festivals. The duration of CBA league matches is 48 minutes, with a total of four quarters of 12 minutes each, with a 2-minute break between the first and second quarters and the third and fourth quarters. Take a 10-minute break between the second and third periods. The NBA game time is divided into four quarters, each of which is 12 minutes, totaling 48 minutes. If the four quarters are not tied, there will be five minutes of overtime. Up to now, NBA history has a maximum of 6 overtime hours.
Scoring rules:
Shooting score: A player who successfully shoots near the opponent's basket will get the corresponding score. 2 points for pitching within the three-point line; Outside the pitch scored three points at the three-point line.
Free throw score: When the opponent fouls, the referee will award a free throw. The penalty shooters shoot unsupervised, and if they make a successful shot, they can get one point.
Score for special circumstances: If a player accidentally throws the ball into his own basket, 2 points will be scored for winning the basket, and it will be registered as the captain of the opposing team. If a player intentionally throws the ball into his own basket, it is illegal, and the basket won't count. In the last or only one free throw, after the ball has touched the hoop and before the ball enters the basket, it is legally touched by an attacker or defender, and the basket is counted as 2 points.
Foul penalty:
Fouls in basketball matches are divided into technical fouls and ordinary fouls.
Handling method of technical foul: The player who commits technical foul will be sent off the court immediately by the referee, and the team cannot make personnel adjustment in the next attack. If the technical foul occurs in the final stage of the game, the team will lose possession of the ball and end the game.
Handling method of common foul: The referee will judge whether it is necessary to punish free throws and the number of free throws according to the different degree of foul. If the opposing team fouls the inside attacker, the player will get a free throw; If the opposing team fouls the non-inside attacker, the team will get the opportunity to serve in the frontcourt. Violation refers to the behavior that violates the rules of the game, for example, walking with the ball, illegally dribbling the ball, punching the ball, etc. will be regarded as violations. The way to deal with violations is usually that the referee punishes technical or ordinary fouls, and decides whether it is necessary to punish free throws according to the situation.
2. Players' positions and responsibilities
Players in different positions in basketball match have different responsibilities and characteristics, which are mainly divided into power forward, center, small forward, shooting guard and point guard.
Power Forward:
Almost all the tasks on the team are hard work, and he is indispensable for rebounding, defense and blocking, but he is often the last one to shoot and score. Power forward is an important player in the team's defense, responsible for rebounding, blocking, roll-and-roll, etc. The dirty work is basically done in this position, which is the last choice of the team's offensive tactics. However, the current development of basketball requires that power forward must also have a certain scoring method, which can directly attack after rebounding under the basket to complete the score, and can also pull to the source of three points on the outside. For example, Duncan and Garnett are representative players in this position.
Center (center):
Is the center of a team. Generally, it is the tallest player in the team. Traditionally, it emphasizes the defense under the basket and the protection of defensive rebounds. Due to the advantage of height, some center players with offensive talent often become the main attack points for shooting and scoring near the restricted area. The five highest and strongest players in the center, who are generally the people closest to the basket on the court, control the inside area of the court, have strong ability to finish at the basket and rebound, and often pick and roll with the guards, but also have a high subconscious. The center is the pivot of the team's attack and defense. Generally, the center takes shots from inside, using hook, jump shot and dunk, and often scoring by means of back-to-back singles, and rarely taking shots from outside. However, after the rise of the small ball era, many centers will often go to the perimeter to shoot three points. This position can be understood as a soldier's order, and both attack and defense should be grasped. This position is more representative of O 'Neill and Olajuwon.
Small Forward:
It is the most important source of scoring in the team, but also has good defensive skills. A qualified small forward should not only have the height to score in the basket, but also have the speed to score in the fast break and inside. The most basic requirement for a small forward is to score. This position is the position with the lowest requirement for the hit rate. Generally speaking, a 40%-50% hit rate is a qualified small forward, and more than 40% teams can accept it. Of course, there is one condition, that is, he must score. Assuming that a small forward gets five or six points per game, it is meaningless and unqualified to hit a high percentage, so it is better to ask him to play as a substitute. The small forward will have many opportunities to shoot, and it may be a bad time, so he can be allowed to hit a little lower, as long as he can score.
Shooting Guard:
Scoring is the main task on the court. He is the second leading scorer on the court after the small forward, but he doesn't need to practice his singles skills like the small forward, because his teammates often help him find a gap and then shoot. His figure is generally higher than that of the point guard, so he should have a high shooting percentage and stability, and his shooting speed should be fast. This position requires excellent singles scoring skills and good long-range shooting ability. When the team is "scoring shortage", it is necessary for the shooting guard to step forward. A good shooting guard must have top-level shooting ability and comprehensive offensive means. They should continuously and steadily output scores on the offensive end, and also guard against the opposite outside players and help the inside players on the defensive end. The strongest representative of shooting guard in NBA history is the "God of Basketball" Jordan, who has the top scoring ability and strong defense at the same time.
Point Guard:
He is the organizer of the whole team's attack, and decides to pass the ball to the right player at the right time to score by controlling the ball. It is necessary to bring the ball safely from the backcourt to the frontcourt, and then pass it to other teammates to create opportunities for teammates to score. The person who has the most chances to get the ball on the court and master the game and organize the attack. You should have excellent dribbling ability, good passing ability and passing vision. Theoretically, the point guard should be the player who holds the ball the most, and his first task on the court can be seen from the noun, that is to control the ball. In addition to ball control skills, the quality of a point guard is the combination of passing and controlling skills. Passing is well understood, which means passing. After he pushed the ball from the backcourt to the frontcourt, he passed it out accurately and passed it to the player with the best attack opportunity. Control, this control does not mean to control the ball, but to control the overall situation, that is, to organize the team's field control ability in series, sort out the team's attack, control the team's attack rhythm, and let the players run smoothly. In addition to "control, pass and control", point guards are now required to have a certain scoring ability.
Five, basketball training methods
1. Comprehensive Training of Ball Control and Shooting
There are four training methods in the quick mastery of basketball skills, which can effectively improve players' ball control and shooting abilities.
Low dribble layup practice: Prepare two basketballs and a chair. Place the chair at the free-throw line. Approach the chair by dribbling with both hands low from the baseline. Low dribbling with both hands emphasizes hand coordination. Lower the body's center of gravity and exchange dribbling rhythmically. After dribbling to the free-throw line, place one ball on the chair and then use the other ball to make a layup. After making the layup, run back to the bench and dribble the other ball for a layup. Be fast while ensuring the success rate of layups.
Low dribble shooting practice: Similar to low dribble layup practice, dribble low from the baseline to the free-throw line. You can increase the difficulty by dribbling with both hands simultaneously. After putting down one ball, dribble one step forward and shoot. Then go back to the free-throw line to pick up the other ball and do the same by dribbling one step forward and shooting. In actual combat, learn to choose between a突击上篮 (sudden layup) or shooting to end the attack according to the defensive situation.
Low dribble step-back shooting practice: Dribble low to the free-throw line. Put one ball on the stool. Then take one step forward and make a step-back shot. While stepping back, catch the ball to increase the speed of step-back shooting. The step-back amplitude need not be too large. Just create enough shooting space.
Low dribble step-back three-point practice: Dribble low to near the free-throw line. Put down one ball and step back to the three-point line to shoot. Since the shooting power may be insufficient after the step-back, resulting in a decline in shooting percentage. Therefore, keep the center of gravity low when dribbling and have a standard shooting posture. It is recommended to step back with both feet simultaneously to provide enough power for shooting.
2. Training Methods for Basketball Fundamentals
The following are some commonly used training methods for basketball fundamentals.
Familiarize with the ball sense: You can familiarize yourself with the ball sense in various ways. For example, hold the ball with five fingers and tighten the fingers inward. Catch the ball with the palm when it falls. Do torso dribbling by placing the ball at the waist and circling it. Do clockwise and counterclockwise dribbling exercises. Do neck dribbling by circling the ball around the neck alternately in clockwise and counterclockwise directions. Do single-leg dribbling by separating the feet and lowering the center of gravity. Do dribbling practice on one side of a single leg. Do under-the-leg forward and backward throwing. Separate the feet and lower the center of gravity. Lightly throw the ball from the front to the back and quickly catch it with both hands and throw it back to the front. Do repeated timing exercises. Do knee dribbling by slightly bringing the feet closer and lowering the center of gravity. Do dribbling practice along the knees alternately in clockwise and counterclockwise directions. Do under-the-leg figure-eight dribbling, which is an application of single-leg dribbling. Dribble the ball in a figure-eight shape under the legs alternately in clockwise and counterclockwise directions.
In-place high dribbling: Keep the body upright and quickly pat the ball with the strength of the wrist and fingers to make the ball rebound to a higher height. Improve the ability to control the ball and reaction speed.
In-place low dribbling: Lower the body's center of gravity and quickly exchange dribbling rhythmically with both hands to enhance hand coordination and control over the ball. For example, in the low dribbling practice for basketball masters, in-place low dribbling with both hands is more difficult. Lower the body's center of gravity and exchange dribbling rhythmically.
In-place V-shaped dribbling: Dribble the ball back and forth in front of the body to form a V-shaped trajectory. This practice can improve the hand's control over the ball and the rhythm of dribbling. At the same time, it can train players' ability to change direction quickly while dribbling.
