The Author of the following work apologizes for the delay of its publication on the ground of long-continued ill health which unfitted him for mental

labor1

. He has tried to make

amends2

by sparing no pains in his effort to do justice to the subjects treated. The plan of the ensuing biography is that of a

philosophical3

history, which adds to the simple

narrative4

of events a discussion of the causes and teachings of the events. The writer has

interspersed5

the

mere6

recital7

of personal facts and incidents with studies of the principal topics of a more general nature intimately associated with these, and has sought to enforce the lessons they yield. His aim in this has been to add to the descriptive interest of the work more important moral values. The thoughtful reader, who seeks improvement and is interested in the fortunes of his kind, will, it is believed, find these episodes attractive; and the

frivolous8

reader, who seeks amusement alone, need not complain of disquisitions which he can easily skip.The author foresees that some opinions advanced will be met with prejudice and disfavor, perhaps with angry abuse. But as he has written in

disinterested9

loyalty10

to truth and humanity, attacking no

entrenched11

notion and advocating no revolutionary one except from a sense of duty and in the hope of doing a service, he will calmly accept whatever odium the firm statement of his honest convictions may bring. Society in the present phase of civilization is full of tyrannical errors and wrongs against which most persons are afraid even so much as to whisper. To remove these obstructive evils, and exert